Maca
Maca, is a plant that is native to Peru and is widely cultivated at high altitudes in the Andes mountains. Peruvian people have used it as a food and medicine for the last 2,000 years and in recent years, it has received increased attention in the Western world. In the West, researchers are particularly interested in its ability to boost energy levels and increase sex drive.1
Health Benefits of Maca
- Boosts Libido in Men
Lack of sexual desire is a severe issue for many men and this issue may also be experienced in men with well-preserved erectile function. Low libido may be an issue even in healthy men like athletes that train strenuously. Studies show that Maca can increase sexual desire in men after 8-12 weeks of regular use.2,3
- Reduces Erectile Dysfunction
Erectile dysfunction is increasing, even among young men, which can be attributed to higher prevalence of metabolic disorders and psychological issues. Studies show that Maca can help improve erection quality after 8-12 weeks of treatment. It may also help those living with erectile dysfunction due to antidepressants. However, it is worth noting that Maca only has a small effect on actual erectile function.4,5,6 - Boosts Energy Levels
Peruvian people believed that Maca helped increase energy levels and boost endurance. There are few modern studies on the subject which seem to support this notion. In one of the studies conducted with professional athletes, it showed that Maca could improve performance.3 - Enhances Male Fertility
Peruvian people have traditionally used Maca to boost fertility. However, modern science could not understand how it works, as studies show that it does not influence male hormones or other fertility-related hormones. Studies in animals show that it might be especially useful in protecting men from spermatogenic disruption present at high altitudes.7,8 - Improves Mood
People often use Maca to enhance the mood and feeling of wellness. Studies confirm that Maca has mild psychoactive properties and may influence behaviour. Use of Maca can also help counter some of the side effects related to therapy with anti-depressants. It may help due to its ability to improve sexual desire.9 - Reduces Blood Pressure
Maca has a mild blood pressure reducing action. Its use may be particularly good for those living with high blood pressure along with mood disorders. One pilot study demonstrated its efficacy in managing blood pressure and depression in postmenopausal women.10 - Reduces Menopause Symptoms
Maca is often used to boost mood and control early postmenopausal symptoms. It may help control mood swings and other problems caused by hormonal issues.11 - Enhances Memory
There is some evidence that Maca may improve memory. However, it is worth noting that any such effect will be small. Studies show that there are very few natural extracts found in Maca that are proven to influence the ability to retain information. Maca may help in this area due to its impact on certain neural transmitters.12
Side Effects of Maca
Studies show that consumption of Maca is incredibly well-tolerated, and side effects are infrequent. Nonetheless, it is worth noting that there is not enough clinical data on its safety, and therefore it is suggested that it’s use be avoided by pregnant and lactating women. Like many other herbal extracts, Maca might cause allergic reactions and gastrointestinal disturbances in some cases.13
Properties
- Blood Pressure – Reduction10
- Brain Function / Neuroprotective12
- Depression9
- Energiser3
- Hormonal Balance4,5,6
- Libido & Sexual Performance2,3
- Memory Retention12
- Male fertility7,8
- Menopause11
- Mood Stabilising9
References
- Wang Y, Wang Y, McNeil B, Harvey LM. Maca: An Andean crop with multi-pharmacological functions. Food Research International. 2007;40(7):783-792. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2007.02.005
- Gonzales GF, Córdova A, Vega K, et al. Effect of Lepidium meyenii (MACA) on sexual desire and its absent relationship with serum testosterone levels in adult healthy men. Andrologia. 2002;34(6):367-372. doi:https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0272.2002.00519.x
- Stone M, Ibarra A, Roller M, Zangara A, Stevenson E. A pilot investigation into the effect of maca supplementation on physical activity and sexual desire in sportsmen. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009;126(3):574-576. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2009.09.012
- Zenico T, Cicero AFG, Valmorri L, Mercuriali M, Bercovich E. Subjective effects of Lepidium meyenii (Maca) extract on well-being and sexual performances in patients with mild erectile dysfunction: a randomised, double-blind clinical trial. Andrologia. 2009;41(2):95-99. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0272.2008.00892.x
- Dording CM, Fisher L, Papakostas G, et al. A Double-Blind, Randomized, Pilot Dose-Finding Study of Maca Root (L. Meyenii) for the Management of SSRI-Induced Sexual Dysfunction. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics. 2008;14(3):182-191. doi:10.1111/j.1755-5949.2008.00052.x
- Shin B-C, Lee MS, Yang EJ, Lim H-S, Ernst E. Maca (L. meyenii) for improving sexual function: a systematic review. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2010;10(1):44. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-10-44
- Gonzales G, Gasco M, Cordova A, Chung A, Rubio J, Villegas L. Effect of Lepidium meyenii (Maca) on spermatogenesis in male rats acutely exposed to high altitude (4340 m). The Journal of endocrinology. 2004;180:87-95. doi:10.1677/joe.0.1800087
- Gonzales GF, Cordova A, Vega K, Chung A, Villena A, Gonez C. Effect of Lepidium meyenii (Maca), a root with aphrodisiac and fertility-enhancing properties, on serum reproductive hormone levels in adult healthy men. Journal of Endocrinology. 2003;176(1):163-168. doi:10.1677/joe.0.1760163
- Corazza O, Martinotti G, Santacroce R, et al. Sexual Enhancement Products for Sale Online: Raising Awareness of the Psychoactive Effects of Yohimbine, Maca, Horny Goat Weed, and Ginkgo biloba. BioMed Research International. doi:10.1155/2014/841798
- Stojanovska L, Law C, Lai B, et al. Maca reduces blood pressure and depression, in a pilot study in postmenopausal women. Climacteric. Published online August 7, 2014. Accessed December 9, 2020.
- Lee MS, Shin B-C, Yang EJ, Lim H-J, Ernst E. Maca (Lepidium meyenii) for treatment of menopausal symptoms: A systematic review. Maturitas. 2011;70(3):227-233. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.07.017
- Rubio J, Dang H, Gong M, Liu X, Chen S-L, Gonzales GF. Aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of Black Maca (Lepidium meyenii) improve scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. Food Chem Toxicol. 2007;45(10):1882-1890. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2007.04.002
- Gonzales-Arimborgo C, Yupanqui I, Montero E, et al. Acceptability, Safety, and Efficacy of Oral Administration of Extracts of Black or Red Maca (Lepidium meyenii) in Adult Human Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Pharmaceuticals. 2016;9(3):49. doi:10.3390/ph9030049